ELECTROSTATICS

Electrostatics  is  the branch of  electromagnetism  where  we study  charges

at rest  and  phenomena  related  with  it.

Electric Charge

It is  a property  associated  with matter  due to  which electromagnetic

interaction  takes  place. Commonly  known  charged parlicles are proton  and

electron. The  charge  of a proton  is  taken  as  positive  and  that  ol electron

is  taken  as negative.  lt  is  represented by  symbol  e.

€ =1.6  x 10-1e  coulomb

Charge  of Proton  = +e

Charge  of electron = -e

Positive  and  negative  sign  were arbitrarily  assigned  by Benzamin  Franklin.

This  does  not  mean that  charge  of proton  is  greater  than  charge  of  electron.

It signifies  that  their  electrical  properties are  opposite  to  each other.

Properties  of Electric  Charge

(1)  charges  interact  with each  other 1.e., they  excelsior  on each  other.

Like  charges repel  each  other  while unlike  charges  attract  each other.

(2)  Charge  is  of two  kind :  Positive  and negative.

(3)  Total  charge  of an  isolated  system  is  conserved (Conservation  of

charge)

(4)  Charge is quantised.

(5) charge can be transferred  :  charge can be transferred  from one  body

to  other.  This  occurs  due  to  transfer  of electrons  from  one  body to  other.

one  of  the  common  example  of  transfer  of charge  is  charging  by friction.

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